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Katharina Döricht
B.Sc. Nutrition Therapist
5 Min. Lesezeit Updated on

Katharina Döricht is a nutritional therapist (B.Sc.) and founder of Inner Sparkle. Since 2016, she has been deeply involved in anti-inflammatory nutrition due to her own health history, sharing her knowledge and recipes on social media, in blogs, and in books. At Inner Sparkle, she is primarily responsible for product development.

Anyone looking for a magnesium supplement will quickly come across terms like magnesium bisglycinate, magnesium citrate, magnesium oxide, or magnesium chloride. But how do these forms of magnesium differ, and which magnesium is actually the best?

The short answer is: There is no single best form of magnesium for everyone. Which compound is best suited depends on your individual needs, your tolerance, and the desired area of application.

In this article, you will learn which forms of magnesium exist, what their pros and cons are, and why magnesium bisglycinate is a particularly good choice for many people.

Why are there even different forms of magnesium?

Magnesium does not appear in dietary supplements as pure magnesium, but is always bound to another substance, for example to an organic acid or an amino acid.

This compound influences, among other things:

  • absorption in the body (bioavailability)
  • tolerability
  • usage
  • the proportion of elemental magnesium

Therefore, it is worth taking a closer look.

The most important forms of magnesium compared

Infographic on seven forms of magnesium and their compound partners such as glycinate, citrate, oxide, chloride, malate, taurate, and L-threonate.

The various forms of magnesium differ due to their respective chemical compound partners.

1. Magnesium bisglycinate

Bound to: the amino acid glycine

Benefits:

  • highly bioavailable
  • particularly well tolerated
  • rarely causes gastrointestinal issues
  • ideal for daily intake
  • often the preferred choice for sensitive stomachs

Potential drawbacks:

  • often more expensive than magnesium oxide or magnesium citrate
  • contains less elemental magnesium per gram of compound, as part of the weight is accounted for by the amino acid glycine (which is why more capsules or a larger serving size are often required)
  • like any magnesium supplement, can lead to loose stools or diarrhea at very high doses

Who is it suitable for?

  • People with sensitive digestion
  • People who want to take magnesium regularly
  • Athletes
  • People with an increased magnesium requirement

2. Magnesium citrate

Bound to: Citric acid

Advantages:

  • good bioavailability
  • widely used
  • highly water-soluble

Potential disadvantages:

Magnesium citrate can have a laxative effect in higher amounts and is therefore not equally well tolerated by everyone.

Suitable for:

People who tolerate magnesium well and do not have a sensitive digestive system.

3. Magnesium oxide

Advantages:

  • high magnesium content per gram
  • often inexpensive

Potential disadvantages:

Magnesium oxide is absorbed less effectively than organic magnesium compounds and can more frequently lead to digestive issues.

4. Magnesium chloride

Bound to: chloride

Advantages:

  • highly water-soluble
  • good bioavailability
  • available as a dietary supplement as well as in the form of magnesium oil or magnesium baths
  • well absorbed by the body when taken orally

Potential disadvantages:

  • can cause gastrointestinal discomfort or diarrhea at higher dosages
  • the benefits of magnesium oils or sprays for absorption through the skin have not yet been clearly proven scientifically

Suitable for whom?

  • people who prefer a highly soluble form of magnesium
  • individuals who wish to take magnesium in liquid form

5. Magnesium malate

Bound to: Malic acid

Benefits:

  • good bioavailability
  • well tolerated
  • malic acid is a natural component of energy metabolism
  • is often chosen by physically active people


Potential drawbacks:

  • fewer scientific studies than for magnesium bisglycinate or magnesium citrate
  • can cause mild gastrointestinal issues in sensitive individuals

Suitable for whom?

  • athletes
  • people with an active lifestyle
  • individuals looking for a well-tolerated form of magnesium

6. Magnesium taurate

Bound to: Taurine

Benefits:

  • good bioavailability
  • the combination of magnesium and taurine is being studied, particularly in the context of cardiovascular health
  • generally well tolerated

Potential drawbacks:

  • currently only a few high-quality human studies
  • often more expensive than other magnesium compounds
  • no general recommendation over other forms of magnesium is currently possible

Suitable for whom?

  • people who are specifically interested in this particular magnesium compound
  • individuals who value well-tolerated organic forms of magnesium

7. Magnesium L-threonate

Bound to: L-threonic acid

Benefits:

  • can cross the blood-brain barrier
  • is currently being researched regarding its potential effects on memory and cognitive functions
  • good bioavailability

Potential drawbacks:

  • limited scientific evidence for benefits in healthy individuals to date
  • contains comparatively little elemental magnesium per serving
  • usually significantly more expensive than other forms of magnesium

Who is it suitable for?

  • people who are specifically interested in forms of magnesium with a focus on brain research
  • individuals who are willing to pay a higher price for this specific magnesium compound

Is magnesium bisglycinate the best magnesium?

For many people, the answer is: Yes.

Magnesium bisglycinate belongs to the organic magnesium compounds and is characterized by good bioavailability and excellent tolerability. Since magnesium is bound to the amino acid glycine, this form is often chosen by people who do not tolerate other magnesium compounds as well.

However, this does not mean that magnesium bisglycinate is inherently better than any other form of magnesium. Depending on the individual situation, a different compound may also be useful.

What should you look out for when buying?

It is not just the form of magnesium that matters, but also the quality of the product.

Look for:

  • a high-quality magnesium compound
  • a transparent declaration of the elemental magnesium content
  • as few additives as possible
  • independent quality controls
  • a sensible dosage

Our tip: Magnesium bisglycinate from Inner Sparkle

At Inner Sparkle, we consciously choose pure magnesium bisglycinate, as this form is impressive due to its high bioavailability and excellent tolerability.

Our magnesium:

  • contains high-quality magnesium bisglycinate
  • is free from unnecessary additives
  • is vegan
  • is regularly lab-tested
  • is ideal for daily use

This allows you to reliably supply your body with magnesium – without any compromises on quality or tolerability.

Magnesium bisglycinate
150 mg of magnesium per capsule, vegan and free from fillers or unnecessary additives. Made in Germany and lab-tested for heavy metals and germs.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which magnesium is best absorbed?

Organic magnesium compounds such as magnesium bisglycinate, magnesium citrate, or magnesium malate generally have good bioavailability.

Which magnesium does not cause diarrhea?

There is no guarantee. However, many people find magnesium bisglycinate to be particularly well-tolerated and report fewer gastrointestinal complaints than with some other magnesium compounds.

Which magnesium is suitable for muscle cramps?

Magnesium contributes to normal muscle function. Which form of magnesium is chosen depends, among other things, on individual tolerance.

Is expensive magnesium better?

Not necessarily. The decisive factors are primarily the magnesium compound used, the quality of the raw materials, and a sensible dosage, not just the price.

Which foods contain magnesium?

Magnesium can be found in pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, almonds, cashews, rolled oats, legumes, and spinach, among other things. Depending on its magnesium content, mineral water can also contribute to your intake.

What is the difference between magnesium and magnesium bisglycinate?

Magnesium is the mineral itself. In magnesium bisglycinate, magnesium is bound to the amino acid glycine. The name therefore describes the magnesium compound in which the mineral is present in the supplement.

What does elemental magnesium mean in dietary supplements?

Elemental magnesium refers to the actual amount of magnesium a supplement provides. It is not equivalent to the total weight of the magnesium compound, as this also consists of the substance to which the magnesium is bound.

Conclusion

There is no single "best" magnesium, but there is a form of magnesium that is right for your needs.

While magnesium oxide is primarily known for its high magnesium content and magnesium citrate is widely used, magnesium bisglycinate convinces many people with its high bioavailability and excellent tolerability. That is why it is often a particularly good choice for your daily magnesium intake.

If you value high-quality ingredients, good tolerability, and easy integration into your everyday life, magnesium bisglycinate is an excellent option.

Sources

  • German Nutrition Society (DGE). Reference values for magnesium.
  • European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Dietary Reference Values for Magnesium.
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH), Office of Dietary Supplements. Magnesium – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals.
  • Gröber U. Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy. Nutrients. 2015;7(9):8199–8226.
  • Ranade VV, Somberg JC. Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Magnesium After Administration of Magnesium Salts. American Journal of Therapeutics. 2001.
  • Schuette SA et al. Bioavailability of magnesium diglycinate versus magnesium oxide in patients with ileal resection.Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 1994.

This article is for general information purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Dietary supplements are not a substitute for a balanced and varied diet or a healthy lifestyle.